-
1 γράμμα
γράμμα, ατος, τό, [dialect] Dor. [full] γράθμα, prob. in IG4.506 (Heraeum, vi/v B. C.), cf. An.Ox.1.102, but [full] γράσσμα, IG4.554 (Argos, v B. C.): late [dialect] Aeol. pl. [full] γρόππατα, Epigr.Gr.990.11 ([place name] Balbilla): ([etym.] γράφω):—A that which is drawn: pl., lines of a drawing, picture, etc., E. Ion 1146 (of tapestry), Theoc.15.81; picture,Ἀπέλλεω γ. Herod.4.73
, cf. AP 6.352 ([place name] Erinna): sg., drawing, picture, Pl.R. 472d, Cra. 430e, cf. 431c: pl., figures in a picture, Procop.Gaz.Ecphr.p.157B.II written character, letter, Hdt.1.139, 148, etc.: in pl., letters, characters,γραμμάτων τε συνθέσεις A.Pr. 460
;πηλίκοις γ. Ep.Gal.6.11
; the letters, the alphabet, Hdt.5.58;τὰ γ. καὶ τὰς συλλαβάς Pl.Cra. 390e
;γ. Φοινίκια S.Fr. 514
; Ἀσσύρια, Ἑλληνικά, Hdt.4.87;γράμματα ἐπίστασθαι Pl.Lg. 689d
; μαθεῖν to have learnt to read, Id.Prt. 325e;γ. μὴ εἰδέναι SIG2844.6
; ἐδίδασκες γράμματα, ἐγὼ δ' ἐφοίτων you kept school—I went there, D.18.265;ἤτοι τέθνηκεν ἢ διδάσκει γ. Com.Adesp.20
;παιδεύειν γράμματα Arist.Pol. 1337b24
; τέχνη ἡμῶν γ. our profession is that of the scribe, PTeb.316.16 (i A. D.).b articulate sound, letter, Pl.Phlb. 18c;τὰ γ. πάθη ἐστὶ τῆς φωνῆς Arist.Pr. 895a12
; γράμματα φθέγγεσθαι ib.8, cf. PA 660a5.c παρὰ γράμμα λέγοντα.. σκοπεῖν etymologically, Id.MM 1185b39; τὰ παρὰ γ. σκώμματα puns, Id.Rh. 1412a28; but ἀρετὴν παρὰ γ. διώκοντες, with ref. to Νικαρέτη, the mistress of Stilpo, Crates Theb.1.d inscription,τὸ Δελφικὸν γ. Pl.Phdr. 229e
, cf. Chrm. 164d, X.Mem.4.2.24, etc., IG 2.2876, al.: prov.,εἰς πέλαγος.. γράμματα γράψαι Epigr.Gr.1038.8
([place name] Attalia).2 in pl., notes in music, AP11.78 (Lucill.).3 mathematical diagram, Epigr. ap. D.L.8.12.4 letter inscribed on the lots which the δικασταί drew, Ar.Pl. 277, al., Arist.Ath.64.4; practically, = division of dicasts,ἐν ὁποίῳ γ. δειπνεῖ Ar.Ec. 683
; ἁ κατὰ γράμμα φυλακά the roster of guards, SIG569.21 (Cos, iii B. C.).5 a small weight, 1/24 ounce, scruple, Androm. ap. Gal.13.114, Gp.7.13.2, PLips. 62 ii 27 (iv A. D.).III in pl., set of written characters, piece of writing, Hdt.1.124: hence, letter, Id.5.14, IG22.103.8, etc.;γραμμάτων πτυχαί S.Fr. 144
, cf. E.IT 594, al., Pl.Ep. 347c; inscription, epitaph, etc.,ἐκόλαψε ἐς τὸν τάφον γράμματα λέγοντα τάδε Hdt. 1.187
, cf. 4.91, And.3.12, Theoc.18.47, IG3.751.2 papers, documents, Antipho 1.30, D.36.21, etc. (sg., D.Chr.65.14); τούτων τὰ γ. the documents to prove this, Lys.32.14;τὰ γ. τῆς δίκης Ar.Nu. 772
; τὰ δημόσια γ. the public records, Decr. ap. D.18.55; title-deeds, D.C.65.14; account of loans, D.49.59; ; contract or estimate, BCH46.323 ([place name] Teos); catalogue, X.Cyr.7.4.12: in sg., bond, Ev. Luc.16.7; note of hand, J.AJ18.6.3.3 a man's writings, i.e. book, treatise,τὰ τοῦ Ζήνωνος γ. Pl.Prm. 127c
(but sg., ib. 128a): pl., books, X.Mem.4.2.1;Πλάτωνος τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς γ. Call.Epigr.25
, cf. AP9.63 (Asclep.), Gal.18(2).928; τὰ ἱερὰ γ. the Holy Scriptures, OGI56.36 (iii B. C.), Ph.2.574, 2 Ep.Ti.3.15, J.Ap.1.10; ἱερὰ γ., = Imperial rescripts, IG12(5).132 (Paros, iii A. D.); = hieroglyphics, OGI90.54 (Rosetta, ii B. C.): in sg., the Law of Moses, Ep.Rom.2.27, al.; opp. πνεῦμα, ib.29: sg., article of a treaty, Th. 5.29.4 laws or rules, Pl.R. 425b, Plt. 292a, al., Ar.Ec. 1050; κατὰ γράμματα ἄρχειν, opp. ἄνευ γραμμάτων, Pl.Plt. 293a;ἡ κατὰ γ. καὶ νόμους πολιτεία Arist.Pol. 1286a15
, cf. 1272a38: οἱ κατὰ γ. νόμοι, opp. οἱ κατὰ τὰ ἔθη, ib. 1287b5, cf. Pl.Plt. 299d;κατὰ γράμματα ἰατρεύεσθαι Arist.Pol. 1287a34
; ἡ ἐκ τῶν γ. θεραπεία ib.40.IV in pl., also, letters, learning,ἀπείρους γραμμάτων Pl.Ap. 26d
, etc. -
2 γράφω
A- ψω Hdt.1.95
, etc.: [tense] aor. ἔγραψα, [dialect] Ep.γράψα Il.17.599
: [tense] pf.γέγραφα Cratin.124
, Th.5.26, etc.; laterγεγράφηκα PHib. 1.78.2
(iii B. C.):—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. , etc. (but in pass. sense, Gal.Protr.13): [tense] aor. , etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.γρᾰφήσομαι Hp.Acut.26
, Nicom.Com.1.39, ([etym.] μετεγ-) Ar.Eq. 1370; more freq.γεγράψομαι S.OT 411
, Theoc.18.47, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐγράφην [ᾰ], Hdt.4.91, Pl.Prm. 128c, etc.; (Milet., v B. C.), Archim.Fluit.2.4: [tense] pf. γέγραμμαι (also in med. sense, v. fin.), [ per.] 3sg.ἔγραπται Opp.C.3.274
; part. ἐγραμμένος or (Elis, dub.), Leg.Gort.1.45, al.; laterγεγράφημαι Ph.2.637
: [ per.] 3pl.γεγράφαται IG 12.57.10
, [dialect] Dor.γεγράβανται Schwyzer 90.12
([place name] Argos): [tense] plpf.ἐγέγραπτο X.Mem.1.2.64
: [ per.] 3pl.ἐγεγράφατο D.C.56.32
. Used by Hom. only in [tense] aor. [voice] Act.:—scratch, graze,αἰχμὴ γράψεν οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις Il.17.599
; γράψας ἐν πίνακι πτυκτῷ θυμοφθόρα πολλά having marked or drawn signs thereon, 6.169: hence, later, represent by lines, draw, paint, Hdt.2.41, A.Eu.50, Pl.R. 377e; γῆς περιόδους γ. draw maps, Hdt.4.36;γ. Ἔρωθ' ὑπόπτερον Eub.41.1
;προσπεπατταλευμένον γ. τὸν Προμηθέα Men.535.2
;ἀνδριάντα γ. Pl.R. 420c
; ζῷα γ., = ζωγραφεῖν (q. v.), Id.Grg. 453c: metaph.,ὁπόσα τοὺς λειμῶνας αἱ ὧραι γράφουσι Philostr.Im.Praef.
:—[voice] Med.,ζῷα γράφεσθαι Hdt.4.88
:—[voice] Pass.,εἰκὼν γεγραμμένη Ar.Ra. 537
;πίνακες γεγραμμένοι τὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἔργα Philostr.VA2.20
.2 Math., describe a figure, Euc.Post.3, al., Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.23, al., Gal.1.47.b of a point or line in motion, generate a figure, Arist.Mech. 848b10, al.;τὸ σαμεῖον ἕλικα γράψει Archim.Sph.Cyl.1
, cf.Apollon.Perg.Con.1.2, Hero Aut.8.1.II express by written characters, write, τι Hdt.1.125, etc.;γ. διαθήκην Pl.Lg. 923c
, cf. X.Cyr.4.5.34 ([voice] Pass.); γ. τινὶ ὅτι .. Th.7.14; γ. τινί, c. inf., SIG552.13 (Abae, iii B. C.);γ. τι εἰς διφθέρας Hdt.5.58
: prov.,ὅρκους.. γυναικὸς εἰς ὕδωρ γράφω S.Fr. 811
, cf. Xenarch.6;εἰς τέφραν γ. Philonid.7
; εἰς ὕδωρ, ἐν ὕδατι, Men. Mon.25, Pl.Phdr. 276c;ἐν χρυσῷ πίνακι Id.Criti. 120c
;ἐν φλοιῷ Theoc.18.47
;καθ' ὕδατος Luc.Cat.21
;εἰς πέλαγος γράμματα γράψαι Epigr.Gr.1038.8
([place name] Attalia):—[voice] Pass., πόθι φρενὸς γέγραπται in what leaf of memory it is written, Pi.O.10(11).3.2 inscribe, γ. εἰς σκῦλα, εἰς στήλην, E.Ph. 574, D.9.41:—[voice] Pass., γράφεσθαί τι to be inscribed with a thing, S.Tr. 157; have my name inscribed,IG
12(7).3* (dub.); ἐν τῷ προσώπῳ γραφεὶς τὴν συμφοράν having it branded on his forehead, Pl.Lg. 854d; γεγραμμένα κωκύουσαν, of the hyacinth, Euph.40.3 write down, γ. τινὰ αἴτιον set him down as the cause, Hdt.7.214; γ. τι ἱερόν τινι register as.., Pi.O.3.30; in magic, invoke a curse upon, Tab.Defix.Aud.14A1; γ. τινὰ κληρονόμον, ἐπίτροπον, institute by a written document, Pl.Lg. 923c, 924a; register, enrol,ἐμὲ γράφε τῶν ἱππεύειν ὑπερεπιθυμούντων X.Cyr. 4.3.21
; οὐ Κρέοντος προστάτου γεγράψομαι, as a dependent of Cr., S. OT 411.4 γ. τινί write a letter to one,γ. σοὶ ἵνα εἰδῇς PGrenf. 1.11
ii 21 (ii B. C.), etc.;εἴς τινα Luc.Syr.D.23
.5 γ. περί τίνος write on a subject, X.Cyn.13.2, etc.;ὑπέρ τινος Plb.1.1.4
, etc.; εἴς τινα against.., Longin.4.3; πρός τινα address a work to.., Id.1.3; describe,οἱ ὑφ' ἡμῶν γραφόμενοι καιροί Plb.2.56.4
; esp. of Prose, opp. ποιεῖν, Isoc.2.48: c. dupl. acc.,τί.. γράψειειν ἄν σε μουσοποιὸς ἐν τάφῳ
;E.
Tr. 1189.6 write down a law to be proposed: hence, propose, move, γνώμην, νόμον, ψήφισμα, etc., X.HG1.7.34, Ar.Nu. 1429, etc.: abs. (sc. νόμον), D.18.179;γ. καὶ νομοθετεῖν περί τινος Id.24.48
; γ. πόλεμον, εἰρήνην, Id.10.55, 19.55: c. inf., ;ἔγραψα.. ἀποπλεῖν.. τοὺς πρέσβεις Id.18.25
; enact,νόμοι οὓς τὸ πλῆθος συνελθὸν ἔγραψε X.Mem.1.2.42
:—[voice] Pass.,παρὰ τὰ γραφέντα δρᾶν Pl.Plt. 295d
;τὸ γεγραμμένον ὑπὸ σοῦ ψήφις μα Din.1.70
.8 ὁ γράφων τὸν Ὀξυρυγχίτην (sc. νομόν ) the secretary for the nome of Oxyrhynchus, POxy.239.1 (i A. D.);τῷ ἰδίῳ λόγῳ γράφοντι τὸν νομόν PFlor.358.5
(ii A. D.).B [voice] Med., write for oneself or for one's own use, note down, Hdt. 2.82, IG12.57.39, etc.;γ. τι ἐν φρεσίν A.Ch. 450
(lyr.);φρενῶν ἔσω S.Ph. 1325
; ἐγραψάμην ὑπομνήματα I wrote me down some memoranda, Pl.Tht. 143a; cause to be written,συγγραφήν D.56.6
, etc.; γ. πρόσοδον πρὸς τὴν βουλήν petition for a hearing before the Council, Id.24.48.2 enrol oneself,γράψασθαι φυλῆς καὶ δήμου καὶ φρατρίας IG12.374.16
, ib.2.115b21: abs., of colonists, Pl.Lg. 850b; but also (cf. A.11.3), ἕνα τῶν μαθητῶν ἐμὲ γράφου enrol me as one of your disciples, Id.Cra.428b.3 as law-term, γ. τινά to indict one, τινός for some public offence, e.g. τῆς αἰσχροκερδείας, Pl.Lg. 754e;γ. [τινὰ] παρανόμων D.18.13
; in full,γραφὴν γράψασθαί τινα Ar.Nu. 1482
(but in [voice] Pass., εἴ σοι γράφοιτο δίκη ib. 758);γράψασθαι δίκας SIG344.38
([place name] Teos): c. acc. et inf.,γ. τινὰ ἀδικεῖν Ar.V. 894
, cf. Pax 107: abs., οἱ γραψάμενοι the prosecutors, Id.V. 881;ἑτέροις οὐκ ἦν γράψασθαι And.1.75
; also γράφεσθαί τι indict an act, i. e. the doer of it, as criminal, ἐγράψατο τὴν Χαβρίου δωρειάν he brought a γραφὴ παρανόμων against the person who proposed the grant to Chabrias, D.20.146, cf. 95; τὸ χάριν τούτων ἀποδοῦναι παρανόμων γράφει ([ per.] 2sg.) Id.18.119.b [voice] Pass., to be indicted,γραφεὶς ἀπέφυγον D.18.103
; τοῦτο τὸ ψήφισμα ἐγράφη παρανόμων was indicted as illegal, Aeschin.3.62; ψηφίσματα ὑπὸ τούτου οὐδὲ γραφέντα not even indicted, D.18.222 (but in 18.28, εἰ μὴ τοῦτ' ἐγράφη if this decree had not been proposed, as [voice] Pass. of A. 11.6); τὰ γεγραμμένα the articles of the indictment, Id.18.56; τὸ γεγραμμένον the penalty named in the indiclment, Id.24.83:—but γέγραμμαι usu. takes the sense of the [voice] Med., indict, Id.18.59, 119, cf. Pl.Euthphr.2b, Tht. 210d.
Перевод: с греческого на английский
с английского на греческий- С английского на:
- Греческий
- С греческого на:
- Английский
